Guns and butter

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‘Guns and Butter’ in U.S. Presidential Elections

Previous models of the popular vote in U.S. Presidential elections emphasize economic growth and price stability, the role of parties and incumbency, and pre-election expectations for the future. Despite the closeness of the pre-election polls in 2004, formal models instead predict a landslide victory for President Bush. An obvious question is whether this anomaly arises, at least in part, from...

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Resolving the Guns vs . Butter Tradeoff Puzzle via Full Specification

Investigations of the 'guns vs. butter' trade-off models of military spending have yielded surprisingly inauspicious results in spite of the intuitively appealing nature of the hypothesis that the more we spend on defense the less we can spend on social welfare, etc. This paper examines the standard specification of the tradeoff model and demonstrates that the lack of empirical success of this ...

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Sovereign states arm to defend real or hypothetical interests, presumably because they cannot engage in complete, long-term contracting that would prevent such arming. International trade, therefore, takes place within an essentially anarchic context, and we can expect trade regimes and security policies to be related. Indeed, many embargoes, sanctions, and various other forms of trade restrict...

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Revisiting the “Guns versus Butter” Argument in China (1950–2014): New Evidence from the Continuous Wavelet Analysis

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Chemical Education

سال: 1993

ISSN: 0021-9584,1938-1328

DOI: 10.1021/ed070p869